There are a large number of compositions which do not show either the Christ or St. John the Baptist of contemporary age. These works frequently deal with the Madonna enthroned holding the baby Jesus in her arms or sitting in her lap. These compositions deal with what may be characterized as a theological time warp by associating important saints with the conception of the Regina Coeli.1 The Madonna and Child are placed upon a dais, seated upon a throne, and as Queen of Heaven her court consists of the attendant saints. Frequently St. John the Baptist is one of the heavenly courtiers. In the paintings: Madonna and Child Enthroned by Sandro Botticelli (1485) and Pietro Perugino (1493) St. John the Baptist is in attendance and bears several of his traditional iconographic devices (See illustrations below).
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